Factors Affecting the Accuracy of Ultrasonic Flaw Detectors

Factors Affecting the Accuracy of Ultrasonic Flaw Detectors

Ultrasonic Detector: Impact of Material


In the case of steel objects being tested, even if they contain multiple alloy components, their sound velocity is considered to be basically constant. However, in many other materials, such as many non-ferrous metals or plastics, the variation of ultrasonic propagation velocity is significant, which affects the accuracy of the measurement by the ultrasonic testing instrument.


If the material of the object being tested is not isotropic, the sound velocity will differ in different directions. Under such circumstances, the average sound velocity within the testing range must be used for calculation. The average value is obtained by measuring the reference block whose sound velocity is equivalent to that of the tested block.


Ultrasonic Detector: Impact of Temperature


The sound velocity of the material varies with the temperature. If the calibration of the instrument is performed in a relatively low-temperature environment, while the instrument is used in a relatively high-temperature environment, the testing result will deviate from the true value.


To avoid the influence of temperature, the method is to preheat the reference block before instrument calibration to achieve the same temperature as the use environment, or to multiply the measurement results by a temperature influence factor.


Ultrasonic Detector: Impact of Surface Roughness


The surface roughness of the tested part affects the testing. The rougher the surface is, the greater the impact is. The rough surface can cause systematic error and random error. The number of measurements in different positions should be increased each time to overcome random error.


Ultrasonic Detector: Impact of Adhesion


The adhesion must be applied before testing to ensure direct contact between the instrument probe and the surface of the tested part.


Ultrasonic Detector: Impact of Magnetic Field


The strong magnetic field produced by various electrical equipment around will seriously interfere with the testing work.


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